Submerged entry nozzles can protect steel from being oxidized when liquid steel flow into crystallizer from tundish. It also can distribute the liquid steel and control the flow pattern in the crystallizer. Our SEN have a good reputation for excellent slag resistance, anti-clogging, long service life and low accident rate.

The material and structure of the submerged nozzle have a significant impact on the flow of molten steel in the crystallizer and tundish, directly affect the quality of steel products. The material of the submerged entry nozzle  is different because of the different smelting methods. At present, the main materials are fused silica, aluminum zirconium carbon, aluminum carbon.

Fused silica products have good properties of small thermal expansion coefficient,good volume stability good high-temperature thermal shock stability, good chemical stability and acid resistance. 

Except for hydrofluoric acid and concentrated phosphoric acid above 300 ℃, it has chemical corrosion and it does not react with other acids. Durable to erosion; High temperature results in high viscosity, reaching 105Pa · s (106 poise) at 2000 ℃ and 5 × 108Pa · s at 1550 ℃; High strength, poor thermal conductivity, almost unchanged below 1100 ℃; Low conductivity. However, when it is used for a long time at high temperature, crystal transformation will occur and cristobalite will precipitate, which will lead to cracks and flaking of the nozzle. Besides,the fused silica nozzle can react with manganese in the steel, the steel with high manganese content cannot be cast, only can be casted for  plain carbon steel and low manganese steel.